
Zeolites, naturally occurring crystalline aluminosilicates, possess a unique three-dimensional pore structure resembling a honeycomb, enabling them to retain nutrients and water effectively. Their application in agriculture significantly enhances soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties by improving nutrient availability, reducing leaching, and increasing water retention. Zeolites contribute to higher crop yields and reduced nitrate pollution across various soil types. They facilitate the slow release of nutrients and exhibit selectivity for specific cations, such as ammonium (NH4?) and potassium (K?). Additionally, zeolites improve the quality of cattle manure, compost, and sewage sludge by minimizing nitrogen losses and reducing odors. They are highly effective in heavy metal remediation, making them ideal for reclaiming mined or polluted soils. Zeolites also serve as excellent soil conditioners, enhancing water-holding capacity, nutrient use efficiency, and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Beyond agriculture, zeolites are widely used in wastewater treatment and as dietary supplements for livestock to improve health, establishing them as environmentally safe and sustainable minerals.