Micro and nanoplastics have emerged as pervasive pollutants in soil ecosystems posing significant risks to plant, animal and human health. Several studies highlight that agricultural and industrial sources are the largest contributors towards micro and nanoplastics. Their interactions with soil components alter physical, chemical and biological properties ultimately reducing soil fertility and productivity. Additionally, these particles negatively affect plant growth and can enter the food chain raising serious health concerns. The adoption of various remediation strategies such as bioremediation, flocculation and membrane technologies can reduce the presence of these plastics in the environment. A comprehensive approach involving sustainable practices, improved waste management and multidisciplinary approaches are essential for the effective mitigation of micro and nanoplastics.