Climate change has emerged as a significant driver of increased pest attacks on vegetable crops, threatening food security and agricultural sustainability worldwide. Rising temperatures, altered monsoon and erratic weather events create favourable conditions for the proliferation of insect pests, pathogens and invasive species. Warmer climate accelerates pest life cycle, expand their geographic ranges and disrupt the natural balance between pests and their predators. Moreover, climate changes due to rainfall pattern and warmer temperature can lead to the emergence and migration of invasive pest species into new areas. Effective mitigation strategies include the adoption of resistant varieties, IPM strategies, use of biocontrol agents, regular monitoring and promotion of sustainable farming practices.