Bamboo farming in Maharashtra offers a dual advantage?economic resilience and environmental sustainability. As one of the fastest-growing plants, bamboo matures in 3?5 years, sequesters up to 12 tons of CO? per hectare annually, and thrives with minimal water, making it ideal for drought-prone regions. The study highlights its significant income potential, supported by detailed cost?benefit analysis and schemes like MGNREGA, which covers nearly 100% of plantation costs. Government programs such as the National Bamboo Mission and State Bamboo Policy (2017) further enhance farmer participation and rural employment. With applications in construction, energy, handicrafts, and food, bamboo farming emerges as a viable agroforestry model aligned with climate goals and inclusive rural development.