The entire world's population must be able to be sustained by agriculture. The percentage of farmed and arable land is steadily declining as a result of increased urbanization and industrialization, as well as other natural and man-made reasons. At the same time, the world's population is still growing steadily. Because of these two considerations, it is anticipated that the same area of land will be able to feed an increasing number of people as the population grows. Under the current paradigm of the open field system of agricultural production, these conditions portend a very challenging future. Feeding the world's population is probably going to become impossible in the near future. It is frequently believed that in order to meet this always rising demand for agricultural products, there must be an abundance of land, water, and sunlight, all of which contribute to more productive farming. In particular, it is recognized that soil is not a necessary element for productive farming. Furthermore, plants only require a portion of the entire spectrum of sunlight rather than true sunlight. The actual needs include high-quality seeds, water, and nutrients, according to recent studies and their application. Around the world, improved soilless culture techniques for food production that save space and water have shown some encouraging outcomes. Because of this, hydroponics and aeroponics have gained popularity.